2010级眼科研究生.doc

大连医科大学硕士研究生专业课试卷 2010 年级 眼科学（课程）试卷 一 名称解释 1.皮质盲 2.Sturge-Weber综合征 3.Irvine-Gass综合征 4.铜质沉着症 5.眼震“中间带” 二 简答题 1.常见的眼睑肿物的种类？ 2.人工晶体的分类？ 3.弱视的分类？ 4.简述毛果芸香碱降眼压的机理？ 5.Behcet病的临床表现及诊断？ 6.简述瞳孔反射径路 三 论述题 1.糖尿病视网膜病变的分期 2.继发性青光眼的种类有哪些？ 大连医科大学硕士研究生试卷 2010 年级专业外语试卷 1.After-cataract denotes opacification of the poserior capsule due to partially absorbed traumatic cataract or following extracapsular cataract extraction.Persistent subcapsular lens epothelium may favor regeneration of lens fibers,giving the poserior capsule afish eggappearance(Elschnigs pearls).The proliferating epothelium may produce multiple layers,leading to frank opacification.These cells may also undergo myofibroblastic differentiation.Their contraction produces numerous tiny wrinkles in the posterior capsule,resulting in visual distortion.All of these factors may lead to reduced visual acuity following extracapsular cataract extraction. 2. Proptosis associated with thyroid disease is characterized by lid retraction, which serves to distinguish it from other causes of proptosis. Lagophthalmos results from proptosis and lid retraction, and corneal exposure is a factor even in mild cases. Ocular-myopathy usually begins with lymphocytic infiltration and edema of the rectus muscles. In time, the inflamed muscles may become fibrotic and permanently restricted. The eye may be tethered so as to raise the intraocular pressure when it is measured in upgaze. Diplopia usually begins in the upper field of gaze because of infiltrative myopathy involving the inferior rectus muscles may eventually be involved, and there may be no position of gaze free of diplopia. The extraocular muscles may become massively enlarged and-in addition to restricting eye movement-may compress the optic nerve. Compressive optic neuropathy is most common with enlargement of the posterior aspect of the muscles that occurs without sever proptosis. Early sings include an afferent pupillary defect, impairment of color vision, and slight loss