2010级硕士试卷-附二皮肤科.doc

大连医科大学硕士研究生专业课试卷 2010 年级 皮肤性病学（课程）试卷 学号 姓名 命题单位：附二 教研室：皮肤性病 教研室主任审核签字： 阅卷人 ： 一 二 三 四 五 总分 分数 名词解释：（每题3分，共24分） 桥粒 表皮通过时间 Nikolsky 征 直接免疫荧光法 CREST 综合征 Ramsay-Hunt综合征 Wickham纹 吉海反应 简答题（每题8分，共48分） 1. 重症剥脱性皮炎型药疹临床表现与救治措施。命题单位：附二 教研室：皮肤性病 教研室主任审核签字： 阅卷人 ： 一 二 三 四 五 总分 分数 一、翻译以下专业文献 Hand Eczema The hands are commonly involved in atopic dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis, and psoriasis. On the palms and soles, it may sometimes be difficult or impossible to differentiate these conditions clinically. Even a biopsy may not result in a definitive diagnosis, as all three conditions may demonstrate spongiosis and crusting on the hands. A complete history, careful examination of the rest of the body surface, and patch testing may be helpful in establishing a diagnosis. Frequently, patients with hand eczema have multiple causes for their dermatitis, such as an atopic diathesis plus irritant or allergic contact dermatitis. The importance of patch testing cannot be over-emphasized. Allergens in consumer goods, in the workplace, and in topical medications may be important in a given patient. Patch testing must include broad screens of common allergens or most cases of allergic contact dermatitis will be missed. Hand eczema represents a major occupational problem and accounts for more than 80% of all occupational dermatitis.Patients with hand eczema frequently miss work and may need to change occupations. Occupations that involve wet work have an extraordtnarily high incidence of hand dermatitis. Hair dressers, food service workers, and healthcare workers particularly affected. In healthcare workers, the impaired barrier poses a risk for infection by blood-borne pathogens. Almost a third of bakers apprentices develop hand dematitis within 12 months of entering the profession Among hairdressers, the incidence approaches 50% after seve