8Thomas Gray托马斯·格雷.pptVIP

Thomas Gray Elegy It is an elaborately formal lyric poem lamenting the death of a friend or public figure, or reflecting seriously on a solemn subject. Elegy is usually formal in language and structure, and solemn or even melancholy in tone. Stoke Poges churchyard Form It is a poem of 128 lines in 32 iambic pentameter quatrains. Its rhyme scheme is abab “Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard” It is a model of sentimentalist poetry. Written with classical precision and polish, it shows a keen interest in the English countryside and the life of the common people. Its prevailing tone is melancholy. The poet meditates on the humble fate of those lying under the tombstones who might have been as great in virtue and accomplishment as the heroes known to the world, should they have just had the chance. “Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard” It started the tradition of graveyard poetry in English and American literature. The general mode is melancholy and meditative. “Graveyard School / Poets”: A term applied to eighteenth-century poets who wrote meditative poems, usually set in a graveyard, on the theme of human mortality, in moods which range from elegiac pensiveness to profound gloom. The vogue resulted in one of the most widely known English poems, Thomas Gray’s “Elegy written in a country churchyard”. The writing of graveyard poems spread from England to Continental literature in the second part of the century and also influenced some American poets. 晚钟响起来一阵阵给白昼报丧， 牛群在草原上迂回，吼声起落， 耕地人累了，回家走，脚步踉跄， 把整个世界留给了黄昏与我。 晚钟殷殷响，夕阳已西沉， 群牛呼叫归，迂回走草径， 农夫荷锄归，倦倦回家门， 惟我立旷野，独自对黄昏。 苍茫的景色逐渐从眼前消退， 一片肃穆的寂静盖遍了尘寰， 只听见嗡嗡的甲虫转圈子纷飞， 昏沉的铃声催眠着远处的羊栏。 只听见常春藤披裹的塔顶底下 一只阴郁的柢枭向月亮诉苦， 怪人家无端走进它秘密的住家， 搅扰它这个悠久而僻静的领土。  One (1-12) sets the scene for the poet’s visit to the churchyard. It is enveloped in gloom and grief, which is archetypal of graveyard poet’s fascination with night, graves and death. 峥嵘的榆树底下，扁柏的荫里， 草皮鼓起了许多零落的荒堆， 各自在洞窟里永远放下了身体， 小村里粗鄙的父老在那里安睡。 香气四溢的晨风轻松的呼召， 燕子从茅草棚子里吐出的呢喃， 公鸡的尖