专八复习整理：英美文学.doc

中古时期 15世纪以前 Anglo-Saxon Period 449-1066 Roman Conquest, Anglo-Saxon Conquest, Norman Conquest. Norman Conquest(1066) marked the beginning of Medieval English literature, which ended around the end of the 15th century. chivalry骑士精神 Old English: Language spoken by Anglo-Saxons Alliteration: the repetition of the initial sounds in poetry. Romance: 传奇故事,骑士 Epic: long narrative poem adventures of hero Beowulf: alliterative epic头韵史诗, 民族史诗 Pagan异教 the tribal society部落社会、 Caedmon:卡德蒙 Caedmon’s Hymn或Anthem Cynewulf基涅武甫 中古时期 1066-1485 1. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight高文爵士和绿衣骑士Middle English romance传奇→ 亚瑟王,圆桌骑士 2. Thomas Marlory托马斯·马洛礼 Le More D’Arthur亚瑟王之死 散文→ 对亚瑟王,圆桌骑士的总结 3. William Langland威廉·郎格兰 Piers the Plowman耕者皮尔斯alliterative epic头韵长诗 allegory寓言 4. Geoffrey Chaucer杰佛利?乔叟 14世纪Age of Chaucer乔叟时代 the father of English poetry英国诗歌之父 the father of English fiction英国小说之父 The Canterbury Tales坎特伯雷故事集 realistic 八音节Octosyllabic 英雄双韵体Heroic Couplet The House of Fame声誉之堂 Ballad 民谣 15世纪 folk literature民间文学 The Robin Hood Ballads罗宾汉民谣 `````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````` 文艺复兴时期 The Renaissance Period 14世纪-17世纪中期 Spenserian Stanza斯宾塞诗体 Each stanza has nine line前八行为五步抑扬格imabic pentameter Ninth line of six iambic feet第九行为六步抑扬格 押韵方式为ababbcbcc Sonnet十四行诗 Thomas Wyatt托马斯·怀亚特 the first introduce the sonnet into English literature 诗歌 Edmund Spenser埃德蒙·斯宾塞 Poet’s Poet诗人中的诗人 Poet Laureate 桂冠诗人 The Faerie Queene仙后 散文 Thomas More托马斯·莫尔 Utopia乌托邦 a ideal society Francis Bacon培根 the first English Essayist Essays随笔(Of Studies论学习;Of Truth论真理) The Advancement of Learning学术的进展 The New Instrument新工具 The New Atlantis新大西岛 戏剧 Christopher Marlowe克里斯托弗·马洛 University Wits大学才子派 Blank Verse首创无韵诗 Tamburlaine帖木耳 The Tragic History of Doctor Faustus浮士德博士的悲剧历史 The Jew of Malta马耳他岛的犹太人 William Shakespeare莎士比亚 四大悲剧Hamlet哈姆雷特 King Lear李尔王 Othello奥赛罗 Macbeth麦克白 另:悲剧罗