Business Process Modeling, Simulation and Design[业务流程建模，仿真和设计](PPT-39).ppt

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Business Process Modeling, Simulation and Design[业务流程建模，仿真和设计](PPT-39).ppt

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Business Process Modeling, Simulation and Design[业务流程建模，仿真和设计](PPT-39)

* Potential Line Balancing Complications Market demand may require a work station cycle time shorter than the longest activity time ? Need to change the process in some way! Approaches: Split the activity Use parallel workstations Train the workers or upgrade machinery for faster processing time Work overtime Redesign the entire process Workflow Design Principles and Tools (VIII) * Minimize Sequential Processing and Handoffs Sequential processing implies longer process throughput time Operations are dependent ?constrained by the slowest activity No one person is responsible for the entire service encounter Illustrative example (see figure on next slide) A process with 4 activities, throughput time 30 minutes and processing times 10, 7, 8 5 minutes in the 4 activities Sequential set up – each individual performs a different activity The process output is 60/10=6 jobs per hour The efficiency = (10+7+8+5)/(10*4) = 75% Parallel set up – each individual performs all 4 activities The process output is now 4*(60/30) = 8 jobs per hour The efficiency = 30/30 = 100% Workflow Design Principles and Tools (IX) * Illustrative Example – Sequential v.s. Parallel Processing 30 min 30 min 30 min 30 min Sequential processing 10 min 7 min 8 min 5 min 6 jobs/hour Parallel processing 8 jobs/hour * Scheduling based on job characteristics (I) Scheduling involves sequencing the order at which a number of different jobs are to pass through a workstation or process with limited capacity Becomes more important as the diversity of jobs increases Characteristics that are commonly used as a basis for scheduling Arrival time Estimated processing time Due date Importance Workflow Design Principles and Tools (X) * Finding the “right”objective function and the best scheduling characteristic to satisfy this objective is tricky Three common overall objectives Maximize process output over a given time period Satisfying customer desires for quality and promptness Minimizing current out-of-pock