抗生素英文课件精品 Clinically Important β-Lactam Antibiotics.pptVIP

Production All commercially available β-lactams are initially produced through the fermentation of bacteria. Bacteria assemble the penicillin molecule from L-AAA, L-valine, and L-cysteine in three steps using ACV synthase, IPN synthase, and acyltransferase. Modern recombinant genetic techniques have allowed the over expression of the genes which code for these three enzymes, allowing much greater yields of penicillin than in the past. Penicillin Biosynthetic Pathway o Semi-Synthetic Penicillins The acyl side chain of the penicillin molecule can be cleaved using enzyme or chemical methods