prefect全英解析.doc

present perfect The?present perfect?is formed from the present tense of the verb?have?and the?past participle?of a verb: The present perfect?continuous?is formed with?have/has been?and the?-ing?form of the verb: Use We use the present perfect tense: for something that started in the?past?and?continues?in the?present: They’ve been married?for nearly fifty years.She?has lived?in Liverpool?all her life. Note:?We normally use the present perfect continuous for this: She?has been living?in Liverpool all her life.It’s been raining?for hours. ?for something we have done?several times?in the?past?and?continue?to do: I’ve played?the guitar ever since I was a teenager.He?has written?three books and he is working on another one.I’ve been watching?that programme every week. We often use a clause with?since?to show?when?something?started?in the past: They’ve been staying?with us?since last week.?I?have worked?here?since I left school.I’ve been watching?that programme every week?since it started. when we are talking about our?experience up to the present: Note: We often use the adverb?ever?to talk about experience up to the present: My last birthday was the worst day I?have ever had. Note: and we use never for the negative form: Have you?ever?met?George?Yes, but?I’ve?never?met?his wife. for something that happened in the past but is important at the time of speaking: I can’t get in the house. I’ve lost?my keys.Teresa isn’t at home. I think?she has gone?shopping.I’m tired out. I’ve been working?all day. ?We use the present perfect of?be?when someone has?gone?to a place and?returned: A: Where?have you been?B: I’ve?just been out to the supermarket. A:?Have you ever been to?San Francisco?B: No, but?I’ve been?to Los Angeles. But when someone?has not returned?we use?have/has gone: A: Where is Maria? I haven’t seen her for weeks.?B:?Shes?gone to?Paris for a week.?She’ll be back tomorrow. We often use the present perfect with?time adverbials?which refer to the?recent past: ju