非谓语作主宾表.doc

非谓语动词作主语、表语、宾语 一、不定式与动名词做主语的区别：1、动名词做主语抽象笼统的一般行为 ； 不定式做主语具体的特别是将来的动作。例如：Collecting information about children’s health is his job. It’s necessary to discuss the problem with an experienced teacher. 吸烟对人身体有害。 _______________________________ 要在两天之内完成这项工作是不可能的。______________________________ 2、常用不定式做主语的句型有： （1）It’s difficult (important, necessary) for sb. to do It is difficult for me to speak French fluently. 十点之前完成作业对我来说很容易。___________________________________（2）It’s kind (good, friendly, polite, careless, rude, cruel, clever, foolish, brave)of sb. to do. It is very kind of you to give me some help. 你那样和老师说话不礼貌。___________________________________ 3、常用动名词做主语的句型有： It’s no good (use, fun) doing. It’s (a) waste of time one’s doing. It’s worth while doing. It is no use crying.哭没有用。 It is a great fun playing football．打篮球很有趣。 It is a waste of time trying to explain．设法解释是浪费时间。 如果你不会开车，有车也没用。 ___________________________________ 看电视是浪费时间。 ____________________________________ 二、不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别 1.不定式作表语 不定式作表语一般表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作。 What I would suggest is to start work at once.__________________________ to do作表语时，上文中有使役动词do的某种形式, 可以省略to What I plan to do now is (to) have a good night’s sleep. 现在我能做的就是继续等他。___________________________ 2.动名词作表语： 动名词作表语，表示抽象的一般性的行为，表语和主语常常可以互换。 His hobby is painting. = Painting is his hobby. .主表一致 当主语是doing形式时，表语一般也用doing，如主语是to do，表语一般也用to do To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。 Seeing is believing. 下一步将是讨论他提出的问题。 _____________________________________ 我的工作就是打信件和文件。_____________________________________ 3.分词作表语 doing作表语多表示主语所具有的特征，有时可译为“令人…的”； done作表语多表示主语所处的状态，有时可译为“感到…的”。 Delighting________--delighted__________ Disappointing__________--disappointed_________ Encouraging__________--encouraged__________ Pleasing_________--pleased__________ Puzzling__________--puzzled___________ Satisfying__________---satisfied__________ Confusing___________ confused___________ The pupils will get confused if they are made to learn too much． The argument is ve