专业英语翻译4The Chinese social security system was introduced in 1951.ppt

The Chinese social security system was introduced in 1951 with the promulgation of the Labour Insurance Regulations (amended in 1953, 1958 and 1978). 中国的社会保障体系被引进于1951年发布的劳动保险条例（修订于1953年，1958年和1978年）。 The regulations, which were greatly influenced by the socialist doctrines of the Soviet Union, covered all the above-mentioned social insurance benefits except for unemployment. 这法规极大地影响了苏联的社会主义学说，它涵盖了上述所有社会保险的待遇，除了失业之外。 However, the scope of coverage until the mid-1980s had been confined to the urban workers, with focus on the state-owned enterprises (SOEs). 然而直到20世纪80年代中期，这项条例的覆盖范围一直局限于城镇职工，重点国有企业的员工（国有企业）。 The basic model of this system was a combination of social insurance and enterprise liability. 这项系统的基本模型是社会保险和企业责任的一个组合。 Enterprises paid 3 per cent of the total payroll to a labour insurance fund that was managed by the All-China Federation of Trade Unions. 企业支付工资总额的3％给全中国联合工会管理的劳动保险基金。 Pensions and disability benefits were paid from the fund while other benefits were provided by the enterprises according to standards prescribed by the government. 从基金中支付养老金和伤残补助金，然而其他福利由企业根据政府规定的标准提供。 Where an enterprise was unable to pay a benefit, subsidies were provided from the fund. 此基金中企业无法支付福利和补贴。 Unfortunately, the system was disrupted during the ten-year (1966-76) domestic turmoil known as the Great Cultural Revolution. 不幸的是，这个系统在被称为文革的10年（1966-1976）国内动乱里中断。 As a result, the labour insurance fund was suspended and individual enterprises had to finance their own welfare programmes. 因此，劳工保险基金被暂停并且个别企业不得不为自己的福利计划提供资金。