(精选)Mycobacterium ----Tuberculosis教学课件.pptVIP

Tuberculin Skin Test Tuberculin is a mixture known as purified protein derivatives (PPD) from TB bacilli. It is a test for delayed type hypersensitivity. Positive reaction, reddening and thickening ( 5mm) at the site of injection after 2-3 days, indicates cellular immunity to tubercle bacilli. Skin test PPD-C BCG-PPD 5mm + 15mm + + PPD-CBCG-PPD infected Diagnosis The steps to diagnose TB infection and disease include: A medical evaluation that includes history and risk assessment The tuberculin skin test A chest x-ray A bacteriological examination Diagnosis 1. Specimen: sputum, pus, CSF, urine, etc. 2. Microscopic examination: Ziehl-Neelsen stain 3. Concentration: 4%NaOH-3%HCL; 6% H2SO4 4. Culture: solid culture (2-4 weeks 37℃) ; liquid culture (1-2 weeks) 5. Animal inoculation: guinea pig 6. quick Diagnosis: PCR Control and treatment 世界上1/3人感染，70%在亚洲 世界防治结核病日 Prevention BCG vaccination for new infants Freeze-drying vaccine rRNA vaccine Find and cure patients Mycobacterium avium complex and AIDS Mycobacterium avium. Rod-shaped Bacterium (causes avian tuberculosis) (SEM x24,000) Copyright Dr Dennis Kunkel, University of Hawaii. Used with permission M. avium is much less virulent than M. tuberculosis does not infect healthy people infects AIDS patients M. avium infects when CD4 count greatly decreased M. tuberculosis infection infects healthy people infects AIDS patients earlier stage of disease more systemic Mycobacteria and AIDS systemic disease (versus pulmonary) greater in AIDS lesions often lepromatous Clinical features with AIDS Antibiotic therapy selected primarily for M. tuberculosis if M. avium involved other antibiotics included Treatment for Tuberculosis Treated with a combination of multiple drugs for a long period of time: rifampin, isoniazid (INH), pyrazinamide, ethambutol, and streptomycin. Emergence of multi-drug resistant M. tuberculosis strains. Mycobacterium avium-intracellua