(精选)【医学课件课件】器官循环教学课件.pptVIP

2. Regulation of Pulmonary flow 肺循环血流量的调节 (1) Neural regulation 神经调节 In general , systemic circulation contracts and lung blood volume increases when sympathetic nerve excites. Stimulating vagus nerve can cause vasodilatation and pulmonary vascular resistance increases. 整体情况下，交感神经兴奋时体循环收缩肺血容量 增加。刺激迷走神经则引起轻度舒血管作用，肺血 管阻力稍有降低。 (2) Oxygen partial pressure of alveolar air 肺泡气的氧分压 Both acute or chronic hypoxia can cause vasoconstriction and vasoconstriction increase . 急性或慢性的低氧都能使肺血管收缩，血流阻力增大。 Significance: hypoxic perialveolar arteriole contracts, more blood flows through sufficient ventilation alveolar and carries on effective gas exchange. 意义：氧分压低的肺泡周围微动脉收缩，较多的血液流经通气充足的肺泡进行有效的气体交换。 (3) Impact on pneumoangiogram of vasoactivesubstance 血管活性物质对肺血管的影响 Contract arteriole : adnephrin ,noradrenaline , Angiotensin II, thromboxane A2, prostaglandin F2 收缩微动脉：肾上腺素、去甲肾上腺素、 血管紧张素II 、血栓素A2，前列腺素F2 Relax arteriole : histamine , 5-HT 舒张微动脉：组胺、5－羟色胺 III Cerebral Circulation  脑循环 blood supply of cerebral circulation 脑循环血液供应 Frontal 2/3 part of cerebral hemisphere: internal carotid 大脑半球前2/3脑区：颈内动脉 Post 1/3 part of cerebral hemisphere, cerebellum and brain stem: cone artery 大脑半球的后1/3脑区，小脑，脑干：椎动脉 脑静脉→颈内静脉→腔静脉 vena encephali →internal jugular vein → vena cava Function：Providing brain with oxygen, energy while discarding its metabolic products to maintain homeostasis . 功能：为脑组织供氧、供能、排出代谢产物以维持 内环境稳定。 1. Characteristic of cerebral circulation  脑循环的特点 (1) Plentiful cerebral blood flow and oxygen consumption 脑血流量大，耗氧量多 The weight of brain is about 20 percent of body weight and its blood flow is 15 percent of cardiac output，oxygen consumption is about 20 percent of whole body oxygen consumption. 脑的重量约占体重的20％，血流量占心输出量的15％。耗氧量约占全身耗氧量的20％。 2. Little change of cerebral blood flow 脑血流量变化小 Brain tissue can’t compress in