超临界水在重油加工中对脱硫脱氮的影响化工强化论文参考.docxVIP

题目:超临界水在重油加工中对脱硫脱氮的影响专业： 化学工程班级： 工程152 姓名： 刘军 学号： Y摘要超临界流体技术作为一种“绿色化”的过程强化方法，不仅可以大大降低化工过程对环境的污染，而且超临界流体的扩散系数远大于普通溶剂，可以显著改善传质效果，从而提高分离、反应等化工过程的效率。超临界流体既具有气体黏度小、扩散系数大的特性，又具有液体密度大、溶解能力好的特性，而且在临界点附近流体的性质有突变性和可调性，可以通过调节温度和压力方便地控制体系的相平衡特性、传递特性和反应特性等，从而使分离、反应等化工过程更加可控。 水在超临界状态下具有载度低、扩散系数大，且能够与油等大多数有机物互溶的特点。本文综述了超临界水的性质及应用情况，介绍了石油中氮化合物和硫化物的测定方法及脱除方法，分析了超临界水在重油加工中对脱硫、脱氮产生的影响。指出超临界水作为一种新型绿色溶剂，在重油加工领域具有广阔的应用前景。关键词：超临界水，过程强化，脱硫，脱氮，重油加工Abstract Supercritical fluid technology, as a green strengthening method can not only greatly reduce the pollution of chemical process on the environment, and super critical fluid diffusion coefficient is much larger than that in ordinary solvents, can significantly improve the efficiency of mass transfer, so as to improve the separation and reaction in chemical industry process efficiency.Supercritical fluid with low viscosity and gas, diffusion coefficient of characteristics, but also has high liquid density, good solubility characteristics, and in the properties of fluid near the critical point with mutation and tunability can be by adjusting temperature and pressure control system of phase equilibrium properties and transfer characteristics and reaction properties, making the separation and chemical reaction process more controllable. Supercritical water has low load, large diffusion coefficient, and can be dissolved in most organic substances such as oil and so on.This paper reviews the properties and applications of supercritical water, the determination method of nitrogen and sulfide in petroleum and the removal methods, analysis of supercritical water in heavy oil processing of desulfurization, denitrogenation effect produced. As a new kind of green solvent, supercritical water has a broad application prospect in the field of heavy oil processing.Keywords:Supercritical water,Process intensification，Desulfurization,Denitrogenation,Heavy oil processing1 超临界水概述1.1超临界水及其性质 所谓超临界水(supercritical water, SCW)是指温度和压力高于其临