(精选)病毒学教学课件.pptVIP

Absorption /Attachment Penetration穿入 Uncoating脱壳 Biosynthesis生物合成 Assembly组装 Maturation and Release A. ※ Normal Replication正常复制 1、Attachment / Absorption吸附 Mechanisms: A. Endocytosis内吞作用 The naked viruses 裸露病毒 B. Fusion 融合between cell membrane and viral envelope The enveloped viruses 包膜病毒 2、Penetration穿入:  the internalization内在化of virus into the host cell C. Nucleic acid translocation 移动: Some bacteriophages and naked viruses 3、Uncoating脱壳: capsid 衣壳 is removed and  viral nucleic acid is released in the host cell. 4、Biosynthesis生物合成: Biosynthesis includes: Viral genome replication 基因复制 Viral protein synthesis 蛋白质合成 Eclipse phase隐蔽期: the viral particles can not be found inside host  cell and the viruses seem to have disappeared. Replication of dsDNA viruses: e.g., Herpes simplex virus单纯疱疹病毒 double-strand DNA (template) Cell’s DNA-dependent RNA polymerase early mRNA translation DNA-dependent DNA polymerase semi-conservative replication半保留复制 progeny 子代viral DNA late mRNA late proteins transcription translation Transcription 转录 early proteins (nonstructural proteins) (structural proteins) progeny viral nucleocapsid 子代病毒核衣壳 assembly 组装 5、Assembly组装:  capsid + viral genome → nucleocapsid Site: a. DNA viruses (except poxvirus): cell nucleus细胞核; b. RNA viruses and poxvirus: cell cytoplasm细胞质; Manner:  a. assemble an empty shell (procapsid前衣壳),  then viral genome fill in. Enveloped virus: nucleocapsid + envelope包膜 → virion b. Viral capsomers壳粒 array排列 around the viral  genome to form helical symmetry nucleocapsid. Naked virus: nucleocapsid → virion 6、Maturation and Release 成熟与释放 The process of progeny viruses getting out of host cell. Naked viruses: released after the host cells lysis溶解. E