(精选)药物试剂的不正当暴露与生态系统(英文课件)Protecting the Ecosystem from Improperly Disposed Pharmaceuticals教学课件.pptVIP

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2018-03-19 发布于天津
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(精选)药物试剂的不正当暴露与生态系统(英文课件)Protecting the Ecosystem from Improperly Disposed Pharmaceuticals教学课件.ppt

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* * Protecting the Ecosystem from Improperly Disposed Pharmaceuticals John M. Polimeni Assistant Professor of Economics Albany College of Pharmacy What do all these products have in common? Outline Purpose Overview of PPCPs and veterinary medicines in the water supply Possible solutions Discussion and questions Purpose Fate of PPCPs and veterinary medicines in the environment Prevalence of PPCPs and veterinary medicines in the environment Human and environmental health implications To identify possible solutions The Problem Pharmaceutical Personal Care Products (PPCPs) and Veterinary Medicines are in our groundwater supply History 1977 - first identification of drugs in the water system in a Missouri Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) ~1990’s - researchers in the US and Europe started to investigate problem ~1998 - media’s discovery of topic Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products Pharmaceuticals Personal Care Products Cosmetics Shampoo Detergent Others Prescription Drugs Over The Counter Drugs Antibiotics Hormones Others Modes of Entry What’s the Big Deal? Only traces were found in these samples, so why is this a concern? Properties of PPCPs and veterinary medicines Antibiotic Resistance Hormones and hormone-regulators Genotoxins Antibiotics A unique case Resistance does not require large dosages A natural function of the environment Increased use has led to more harmful and stronger bacteria Serious public health threat - MRSA Antibiotic Resistance Found in River and coastal areas Domestic sewage Surface water and sediments Lakes Sewage polluted ocean water Drinking water Concentration vs Time Dependant Shortening the duration of antibiotic therapy will decrease resistance… Some antibiotics concentration dependant Some antibiotics time dependant Shortening duration MAY decrease contamination in the environment and therefore decrease resistance there If make duration too short in humans you WILL increase resistance in those patients This is why the pharmacist