动名词专项精讲.docVIP

动名词 一、动名词的作用 动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。 1、作主语Reading is an art. Climbing mountains is really fun. 动名词作主语，有时先用it作形式主语，把动名词置于句末。这种用法在习惯句型中常用。如： It is no use/no good crying over spilt milk. 洒掉的牛奶哭也没用。 It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us. 劝说这样的人加入真是浪费时间。 It was hard getting on the crowded street car. 上这种拥挤的车真难。 It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。 There is no joking about such matters. 对这种事情不是开玩笑。 2、作宾语 （1）作动词的宾语：suggest，enjoy，mind，finish，practise，advise，risk，avoid，miss，excuse，delay，consider，escape，insist on，put off，等等，后面只能用动名词作宾语。如： Would you mind opening the window？You should practise reading and speaking English more．（2）作介词的宾语 We are thinking of making a new plan for the next term. 我们正考虑为下学期制定新的计划。 Shall we have a rest or get down to doing our work? 我们休息呢还是开始干活？ （3）作形容词的宾语 The music is well worth listening to more than once. 这种曲子很值得多听几遍。 We are busy preparing for the coming sports meet. 我们正为马上到来的运动会忙着做准备。 3、作表语动名词作表语时句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或what引导的名词性从句。表语动名词与主语通常是对等的关系，表示主语的内容，主语、表语可互换位置。 Your task is cleaning the windows. 你的任务就是擦窗户。(Cleaning the windows is your task.) What I hate most is being laughed at. 我最痛恨的就是被别人嘲笑。 (Being laughed at is what I hate most.)4、作定语往往表示被修饰词的某种用途。如：a walking stick ＝a stick for walkinga washing machine=a machine for washing 二、动名词的复合结构 Her coming to help encouraged all of us. (=That she came to help encouraged all of us.) Jane’s being careless caused so much trouble. (=That Jane was careless caused so much trouble.) 在口语中，如果动名词复合结构作宾语，其中的物主代词常用人称代词宾格，名词所有格常用名词普通格来代替，但在句首作主语时不能这样来代替。如： Would you mind my/me using your computer? 用下你的电脑介意吗？ The father insisted on his son’s/his son going to college. 爸爸坚决要求儿子上大学。 Mary’s (不可用Mary) being ill made her mother upset. 玛丽病了，使她妈妈很着急。 His (不可用Him)smoking made his family angry. 他抽烟使他一家人非常生气。 在下列情况下动名词的逻辑主语必须用名词的普通格或人称代词宾语： a.无命名词The baby was made awake by the door suddenly shutting. b. 有生命名词但表示泛指意义Have you ever heard of women practising boxing? 你听说过妇