情绪心理学chapt4.ppt

Spring Semester, 2005 Psychology of Emotions Chapter 4 Biological Basis of Emotions (I): Emotional brain Case of Phineas Gage Damage of prefrontal cortex; Intact: language, skill, intelligence, attention, memory, perceptions; Damage: personality and emotion regulation and motivation; ---what functions of prefrontal cortex in emotional processing? Modern cases of Phineas Gage: Elliott Damage area: both right and left prefrontal lobes after a tumor removing surgery ; Intelligent, skilled with normal perception, memory and language abilities, and working memory; Unable to keep a job, no longer Elliott; Lazy and malinger; 这些研究提示：前额页可能具有情绪控制/情绪调节; Patient A (Brickner, 1932) Damage: all left frontal lobes before area for language removed; all right frontal lobes including cortex in front of areas controlling movement; ventral (orbital) surface and lower part of the internal (medial) surface of both sides of frontal lobes; Patient A Intact functions: perception, memory, language, motor abilities, calculations, play games, intelligence, physiological health; Changed in personality: boasted 自夸 of his professional, physical and sexual prowess威力 although he did not work. Never return to work afterward. Impoverished贫乏 emotional life, no signs of sad, embarrassment, or distress. Passive and dependent. Detached from others. Implication: varies frontal lobes and specific functions in emotional processing. 情绪受损---情绪分化性和丰富性减弱---部分情绪回路被损伤； 情绪的动力性受损---情绪的主观体验损伤；或情绪影响认知，或认知影响情绪的功能出现损伤； Points of Cannon Subjective emotional experience is resulted from interaction between activation in thalamus and cognitive evaluation in neo-cortex; Physiological arousal is kind of nonspecific state accompanied with subjective emotional experience. Hypothalamus was important for the expression of emotion; other regions connected to it were responsible for the experience of emotion. Sensory----》thalamus---three pathways: Neocortext新皮层—stream of thought Limbic system边缘系统 and hypothalamus下丘