第2节 寄生原虫.pptVIP

Easily identified with the naked eye at the final full development of the trophont. (In fact Ichthyophthirius multifiliis is the largest known single-celled parasite on fishes.) As a result, many aquarists dont want to believe Ich is attacking their fish till they actually see the white spots. This is an error. Often a spot or two pass unnoticed, since newly-settled trophonts are too small to see anyway, and especially since early infestations are likely to attach to the gills, where they stay invisible as they grow. If you wait until later stages, badly infested small fishes may be too weakened to save. The other common error, once a medication regime is begun, is that its often ended as soon as no more mature white spot trophonts are visible in obvious places on the fish. Its absolutely essential to keep on medicating till the last encysted theront has released its tomites, and the last tomite has been eliminated by the medication. Remember, it only takes a single tomite successfully settled into the fishes epithelium to inaugurate a whole new cycle. As the University of Florida puts it, once more, Uncontrollable or recurrent infestation with ciliate protozoans are indicative of husbandry problems. 病原： 多子小瓜虫（淡水）或刺激隐核虫（海水小瓜虫，海水） 有幼虫期和成虫期，幼虫椭球形，成虫球形，全身布满纤毛，有大核和小核。 海水： 幼虫前尖后钝，有钻孔器，成虫大核为4个卵圆形团块组成的马中蹄形。 多子： 幼虫前端有一乳头状的钻孔器，后端有一尾鞭毛，成虫大核呈马蹄形. 在皮肤和鳃上形成1mm的小结节，也可以连成一小片。 所有的鱼对其都敏感，尤其是无鳞鱼如鲶鱼和泥鳅 C 严重感染小瓜虫的河鲶 感染小瓜虫的浅蓝色食用大太阳鱼，注意寄生虫节结（箭头）突出于皮肤表面。 E 刮下皮肤的水浸片示多子小瓜虫的滋养体（t）。主要特征包括大小不等的多形态的寄生虫，有C－型大核。S 鱼鳞，b气泡。 D 鳃活检水浸片显示在鳃丝（p）的表皮（e）上有多子小瓜虫滋养体包囊。 F 小瓜虫滋养体的组织切片（t）。注意大核（箭头）。C-型不一定出现在每个切片中。P鳃丝，s鳃小片。 Red sea damselfish with a heavy Cryptocaryon irritans（刺激隐核虫）skin infection. The infection looks like a dusting of salt on the body. B, Queen angelfish with multifocal depigmented skin erosions affecting the entire head, caused by a prior C. irrritants skin infection. C. Cryptocaryon irritans. Diagram with key characteristics of trophont: size (up to 450 μm), cilia evenly distributed over b