Attribute-aided interpretation of complex structures, an example 属性辅助解释复杂的结构，一个例子.docxVIP

Attribute-aided interpretation of complex structures, an example from the Chicontepec basin, MexicoHa T. Mai, Kurt J. Marfurt, University of Oklahoma, Norman, USASergio Chávez-Pérez, Instituto Mexicano del PetróleoABSTRACTGeometric attributes such as coherence and volumetric curvature are commonly used in delineating faults and folds. While fault patterns seen in coherence and principal curvature measures are easily recognized on time slices, they are often laterally shifted from each other. The kind and degree of lateral shift is an indication of the underlying tectonic deformation. Unlike coherence, curvature also images folds and flexures that link fault systems. With proper understanding of the tectonic environment, a skilled interpreter can recognize horsts and grabens, en echelon faults, relay ramps, and pop-up structures on simple time slices. In this tutorial paper, we illustrate some of the lateral relationships between coherence and the various curvature measures using a structurally-complex 3D survey acquired within the Chicontepec basin, Mexico. LIST OF KEYWORDS3D Seismic, Attributes, Curvature, ChicontepecINTRODUCTIONWhile coherence attributes measure lateral changes in the waveform and allow us to map reflector offsets, lateral changes in stratigraphy, and chaotic depositional features, volumetric curvature attributes measure lateral changes in dip magnitude and dip azimuth, and thus allow us to map folds, flexures, buildups, collapse features, and differential compaction. Both coherence and curvature are used widely in detecting faults, with each attribute having its advantages and disadvantages. Coherence accurately tracks vertical faults cutting coherent seismic reflectors. For dipping faults, coherence often exhibits a vertically-smeared stair-step appearance on vertical slices, due to most implementations being computed on vertically-oriented windows parallel to the seismic traces. Where there is fault drag, reflector offset below seismic resolut