Expansion, Reform, and Constitutional Conflicts膨胀，改革，宪政冲突.docVIP

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2018-03-25 发布于江西
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Expansion, Reform, and Constitutional Conflicts膨胀，改革，宪政冲突.doc

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Expansion, Reform, and Constitutional Conflicts膨胀，改革，宪政冲突.doc

Expansion, Reform, and Constitutional Conflicts Changes bring new era Changes Population increase (5.3M in 1800 ( 23M in 1850) US territory reaches Pacific Ocean Economic growth Farming profit from wheat, corn cotton Factory system developed Economic forces Transportation improvements Faster travel Roads, turnpikes, canals Steamboat More markets industrial growth Erie Canal (1825) 363-mile canal connecting Buffalo @ Lake Erie w/ Albany @ Hudson R. thus to New York Harbor Connected trade from Great Lakes to Atlantic Railroad Baltimore Ohio Railroad (1827) Horse drawn cars 15 m of rail Steam locomotives in 1840’s 3,000 miles of track 9,000 m of track by 1850’s Industrial Revolution The change from home industries to factory system New technology, new sources of capital, increased mechanism Began in New England textiles Factories powered by waterfalls ( steam Cotton gin by Eli Whitney Labor issues Workers Mostly women children 12-13 hour days 6 days a week Low wages Immigrants competing for jobs New party politics system Voters increase Removal of property requirement No vote: Women, free African Native Americans Popular Election 1824 – 18 of 24 states elect presidential electors Nominating Conventions Gathering of elected delegates to choose presidential candidate (like national party conventions) Republican party troubles Election of 1824 Campaign of many John C. Calhoun Drops to run for Vice Pres John Quincy Adams (New England) =84 e votes Monroe’s Secretary of State Son John Adams William H. Crawford (South) = 41 e votes “Undemocratic caucus” Suffers stroke Henry Clay (West) = 37 e votes Speaker of the House Andrew Jackson (West South) = 99 e votes War hero No majority, House of Reps chooses (12 amendment) House chooses Adams Jackson begins 1828 campaign Jackson breaks from party Democratic Party Martin Van Buren (NY) organizes new political machine Tightly run, organized political group with a successful record of winning public office Joins west, south,