商务统计学(英)1st.pptVIP

Chapter 1Introduction and Data Collection Learning Objectives In this chapter you learn: How statistics is used in business The sources of data used in business The types of data used in business Basic Concepts of Statistics Statistics is concerned with: Processing and analyzing data Collecting, presenting, and transforming data to assist decision makers Key Definitions A population (universe) is the collection of all members of a group A sample is a portion of the population selected for analysis A parameter is a numerical measure that describes a characteristic of a population A statistic is a numerical measure that describes a characteristic of a sample Population vs. Sample Two Branches of Statistics Descriptive statistics Collecting, summarizing, and presenting data Inferential statistics Drawing conclusions about a population based only on sample data Descriptive Statistics Collect data e.g., Survey Present data e.g., Tables and graphs Characterize data e.g., Sample mean = Inferential Statistics Estimation e.g., Estimate the population mean weight using the sample mean weight Hypothesis testing e.g., Test the claim that the population mean weight is 120 pounds Collecting Data Types of Data Chapter Summary Reviewed basic concepts of statistics: Population vs. Sample Parameter vs. Statistic Primary vs. Secondary data sources Defined descriptive vs. inferential statistics Reviewed data types Categorical vs. Numerical data Discrete vs. Continuous data Business Statistics, A First Course (4e) ? 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Business Statistics, A First Course (4e) ? 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Business Statistics, A First Course 4th Edition a b c d ef gh i jk l m n o p q rs t u v w x y z Population Sample b c g i n o r u y Measures used to describe a population are called parameters Measures computed from sample data are called statistics Drawing conclusions about a popula