King JohnMagna Carta英国大宪章详细介绍培训材料.pptx

King John Magna CartaMagna Carta(大宪章)Signed in 1215The document was a series of written promises between the king his subjects.The king would govern England and deal with its people according to the customs of feudal law.Magna Carta was an attempt by the barons to stopKing John from abusing his power with the people of England.But why would a king agree to the demands of the barons?Traditionally kings were militarily successful abroad, relations between the kings the barons were good. However, John was not successful in his military campaigns abroad and demands for more money and men angered the barons. What’s more, John introduced high taxes without asking the barons. This was against the feudal law.Once again, he suffered military defeat in an attempt to get back his territory in Northern France. He returned to London demanding more money from taxes. This time the barons were not willing to listen. They rebelled against his power. The barons captured London. However, they did not defeat John entirely and by the spring of 2015, both sides were willing to discuss the matters. The result was the Magna Carta.King JohnBorn in 1167, died in 1216The youngest son of HenryⅡ Developed a reputation for violent ragesHis father left him no land nicknamed John LacklandLike WilliamⅠ,King John is one of the more controversial monarchs of Medieval England and is the most associated with the signing of the Magna Carta.VSThere are some comments on King John :“John was a tyrant. He was a wicked ruler who did not behave like a king. He was greedy and took as much money as he could from his people. Hell is too good for a horrible person like him.”-----Matthew Paris,13th chronicler.“John had potential for great success. He had intelligence, administrative ability and he was good at planning military campaigns. However, too many personality flaws held him back.”---R. Turner,1994Thank you!