蚕丝和蜘蛛丝纤维：从溶解性蛋白到超级纤维教学教材.pptVIP

Silk: From Soluble Protein to Extraordinary Fiber;Silk: From Soluble Protein to Extraordinary Fiber;Examples of silk fibers produced by silkworms and spiders and a schematic illustration.;Fibers produced by silkworms and spiders are natural composites;1. Spider silk;The properties of spider silk;The mechanical properties of animal silks in comparisons to other man-made and natural materials;Spider silk;Major ampullate silk;2. Silkworm silk;The properties of silkworm silk;Composite materials based on silk proteins;Applications of composite materials based on silkproteins;Silk protein from silkworms ;Silk fibroin;L-fibroin is predominantly hydrophobic but formation of an internal disulfide loop and the disulfide bond to H-fibroin are likely to expose the hydrophilic N-terminus of the molecule. Glycosylation of this part of L-fibroin in P. xuthus further increases hydrophilicity.;3. The formation of extraordinary fibers from soluble protein;The primary structure of spider silk proteins;Primary amino acid sequences for N. clavipes MaSp1 and MaSp2, the two proteins that make up Ma silk. Colored Ala (red), Gly (blue), and Ser (green) represent -sheet structure.;The secondary structure of spider silk proteins ; The secondary structure of spider silk proteins consists of up to 3 different structural motifs: a β-spiral similar to a β-turn composed of multiple varying GPGXX motifs where X varies between or within proteins and is responsible for the elasticity of the fibers crystalline β-sheet domains rich in alanines (polyalanine stretches of mainly 4–10 residues) α helical structure composed of 3 amino acid repeats of GGX. These motifs also appear to be conserved among proteins of from the same silk gland as well as among many species ;The 3D structure of spider silk protein;The 3D structure of spider silk protein;Schematic structure of spider silk from nanoscale to macroscale.;H-fibroin N-terminus;Deduced amino acid sequence of B. mori H-fibroin. (The representativ