[工学]5 Translation of Sentences 1.pptVIP

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[工学]5 Translation of Sentences 1

Translation of Sentences 1 I. 英汉句型对比与翻译 1.英语句型 A. 英语句子是以动词为核心构成的,其句型公式为: S(句子)=Nph(名词词组)+Vph(动词词组) B. 构成一个完整的句子,按英语语法规则,靠如下句子成分: 主语(S) 动词谓语(V) 宾语(O) 补语(C) C. 英语的五种基本句型 SV Fish swim. Code (词码)I SVC He is rich. Code L SVO The wind searched the streets. Code T SVoO He gave me a book. Code D SVOC He made me do it. Code V(X) 把五大基本句型中的O和C看成是可变项,这些可变项有十种,分别以从○到九十个数字来表示: ○-----不带宾语或补语 1------名词或代词 2------ 不带to的动词不定式 3------ 带to的动词不定式 4------ -ing 从句 5------ that 从句 6------ wh- 从句 7------ 形容词 8------ -ed 从句 9------ 介词短语 按英语语法和惯用法,上述字母和数字码进行合理搭配,就生成18种常用句型(SP)。 句型 代码 例句 SP1 (I○) Fish swim. SP2 (L1---9) He is rich ( a rich man… etc.) SP3 (T1) The wind searched the streets. SP4 (T2) He helped wash the dishes. SP5 (T3) They attempted to climb the mountain. 句型 代码 例句 SP6 (T4) I enjoyed reading novels. SP7 (T5) He said that he would come SP8 (T6) They asked what they could do. SP9 (D1) He gave me a book. SP10 (D5) He informed me that I should attend the meeting. SP11 (D6) They asked me what they could do. SP12 (V2) I saw the man cross the street. SP13 (V3) He asked me to go with him. 句型 代码 例句 SP14 (V4) I saw the man crossing the street. SP15 (V8) He had his hair cut. SP16 (X1) They elected him president. SP17 (X7) We painted the door yellow. SP18 (X9) I found him in good health. 2. 汉语句型 16 种常用的主语句句型 一、名词性主语句 1.生活是什么? (名词) 2.文学巨人何以被贬低? (定中词组) 3.八角一尺。 (量词词组) 4.两江相汇处有一个小城。(方位词组) 5.喧哗最厉害的是胜方。 (“的”字词组) 6.吕叔湘这位

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