奥运举办城市的经济影响Economic Impacts on Olympic Host Countries.pdf

CHAPTER 3 Economic Impacts on Olympic Host Countries The first Olympic Games originated in Athens, the capital of Greece, in 1896. It lasts for a hundred and eleven years till 2007. The Olympic Games have been such high level games for athletic competition that all the countries are honored of holding the Olympic Games. Liang (1994) pointed out that the Olympic Games were not only the most influential sports event in the world but also peaceful business. Hardly could the contribution from the Olympic Games be replaced by other international events. Although none of the host cities earned profits before 1984, there was a renowned case of motivating economic growth due to holding the Olympic Games. The Japanese put an extraordinary emphasis on public investment after it was admitted holding Tokyo 1964 Olympic Games. Furthermore, the government determined to make Olympic construction one of The Plan of Doubling National Income.5 Such basic constructions in a marvelous scale led to the prompt development of manufacturing, construction, service, transportation and communication. Wang (2002) indicated that the annual growth rate of Japanese GDP after holding the Olympic Games dramatically increased from 10.1% to 26.1%. The total amount of GDP was also more than those of some advanced countries in Western Europe such as England, France and Western German since 1968. As a result, the Olympic Games made Japan the second economy in the world as well.6 Such an economic prosperity was ever called The Boom of Tokyo 1964 Olympic Games. Wang (2002) added that the remarkable performance in economic development after Seoul 1988 Olympic Games pushed Korea into one of the Newly Industrialized Countries (NICs) from the developing countries.