质量管理 Quality Management_ Variables Control Charts教案.ppt

* Another Example Consider the case of a manufacturer of circuit boards for personal computers. Various components are to be mounted on each board and the boards eventually slipped into slots in a chassis. The boards’ overall length is crucial to assure a proper fit, and this dimension has been targeted as an important item to be stabilized. (Note: The width, thickness, hardness, or any other characteristic may also be targeted either simultaneously or at any other point in time.) Boards are cut from large sheets of material by a single rotary cutter continuously fed from a hopper. At a customer’s request, it was decided to create a control chart for the length of circuit boards produced by the process. * After input from many individuals involved with the process, it is decided to select the first five units every hour from the production output. Each group of five items represents a subgroup. This manner of subgroup selection is most likely to isolate the variation over time between the subgroups and, therefore, capture only common process variation within the subgroups. * Time Sample Number 1 2 3 4 5 Ave. Range 9 am 1 5.030 5.002 5.019 4.992 5.008 5.010 0.038 10 2 4.995 4.992 5.001 5.011 5.004 5.001 0.019 7 am 23 5.010 4.989 4.990 5.009 5.014 5.002 0.025 8 24 5.015 5.008 4.993 5.000 5.010 5.005 0.022 9 25 4.982 4.984 4.995 5.017 5.013 4.998 0.035 * There are no indications of any special sources of variation, and the process appears stable. * Another Example A manufacturer of high-end audio components buys metal tuning knobs to use in assembling its products. Knobs are produced automatically by a subcontractor using a single machine that is designed to produce them with a constant diameter. Because of persistent final assembly problems with the knobs, management has decided to examine this process output by requesting that the subcontractor construct an and R chart for knob diameter. Beginning at 8:30am on a Tuesday, the first four kno