医学英语教学讲义.ppt

Example ?A patient with diabetes（糖尿病） BP of 140/94 mmHg plus left ventricular hypertrophy ? should be classified as having grade 1 hypertension with target organ disease and with another major risk factor. ? would be categorized as “grade 1 hypertension, high-risk ” ? would be recommended for immediate initiation of drug treatment and also lifestyle modification Treatment ?The goal of antihypertensive therapy is to reduce cardiovascular morbidity(发病率) mortality(死亡率). ? The BP goal of antihypertensive therapy ? To achieve high normal BP (below 140/90 mmHg) in elderly patients ? To achieve normal BP (below 130/85mmHg) in young, middle-aged or diabetic subjects Nonpharmacological treatments ? Should be used in all hypertensive patients, either as definitive treatment or as an adjunct to drug therapy. ? Should be tailored to the individual characteristics of each patient, such as weight reduction for an overweight patient. ? Include: ? Weight reduction ? Complex dietary changes ? Increased physical activity ? Smoking cessation ? Others Lifestyle modification (Continue) ? Weight reduction Through a combination of dietary caloric restriction increased physical activity Sustained weight reduction is so difficult to achieve, so, more emphasis should be placed on prevention of weight gain. Patients should avoid appetite suppressant drug（食欲抑制药）and diet pill(减肥药丸) Lifestyle modification (Continue) ? Complex dietary changes Reduction in salt intake 6g/d of sodium chloride (3*6*30=540) Reducing fat intake Increasing fruit and vegetable Moderation of alcohol consumption for a heavy drinker Hypertension Longxian Cheng Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan Introduction Hypertension is a major public health problem throughout the world because of its high prevalence and its association with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Approximately 100 million Chinese have elevated BP. Of