生物节水研究进展及发展方向-中国农业科学.pdfVIP

中国农业科学 2007,40(7):1456-1462 Scientia Agricultura Sinica 生物节水研究进展及发展方向 陈兆波1，2 1 2 （中国农业科学院研究生院，北京 100081 ； 中国农村技术开发中心，北京 100045 ） 摘要：生物节水是节水农业发展的重要内容，潜力巨大。本文论述了在中国发展生物节水的必要性和紧迫性， 从作物抗旱和水分高效利用的生物学基础、抗旱节水鉴定评价技术指标体系、新品种选育以及作物高效用水的生 理调控与非充分灌溉技术等方面，综述国内外生物节水研究进展，在此基础上提出中国目前生物节水研究工作中 存在的问题，并探讨了今后生物节水研究的发展方向。 关键词：生物；抗旱；水分利用效率；鉴定评价；遗传改良 Research Advance and Development Trends of Water Use Efficiency in Plant Biology CHEN Zhao-bo 1 2 ( Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081; China Rural Technology Development Center, Beijing 100045) Abstract: Water use efficiency in plant biology is one of the major fields of water saving agriculture in the future, which has an enormous potential. In this paper, the necessity and urgency of developing high water use efficiency in plant biology were dissertated firstly, and then research progresses at home and abroad were reviewed as following aspects: mechanisms of drought resistance and high water use efficiency, criterions for identifing and evaluating drought resistance and water use efficiency, genetic improvement for drought resistance and water use efficiency, water saving irrigation technology based on the physiological regulation and control in crop plants. Major problems in the research field at present were put forward, and development trends of water use efficiency in plant biology in the future were also discussed. Key words: Plant; Drought resistance; Water use efficiency; Identification; Evaluation; Genetic improvement 农业发展中的重要性受到高