名词-大连理工大学远程与继续教育学院.PPT

3. 转译法 指翻译过程中为了使译文符合目标语的表述方式、方法和习惯而对原句中的词类、句型和语态等进行转换。在词性方面，就是把名词转换为动词或形容词；把形容词转换成名词或动词；把副词和短语转换 成形容词。如： (1) I’m?all?for?you?opinion. 我完全赞成你的意见。（介词转动词） (2)Too?much?exposure?to?TV?programs?will?do?great?harm?to?the?eyesight?of?children. 孩子们看电视过多会大大地损坏视力。(名词转动词) (3)The?reform?and?opening?policy?is?supported?by?the?whole?Chinese?people. 改革开放政策受到了全中国人民的拥护。（动词转名词） 被动语态转为主动语态 (1) The bus was crowded with people. 公共车上挤满了人。 (2) A doctor was called to see the sick child last night. 昨晚请了一位医生来给生病的孩子看病。 (3) The apartment will be completed next year. 这座楼明年建成。 长句的翻译 英语的长句主要由主从复合句构成，结构严谨、明确，只要理解了其主从关系，就能正确地分译。英语长句的翻译主要是把原文中的主从复合句分译为并列复合句或者两个或两个以上的独立句 子。 (1) It was careless of you to leave your keys in the room. 你真是粗心，把钥匙落在了屋子里。 (2) We have reached the conclusion that light travels faster than sound. 我们已经得出这样的结论：光传播速度比声音快。 (3) It is certain that we shall produce this kind of engine. 我们应生产这种引擎，这点很明确。 否定句的翻译 1. 全部否定 (1) None of them could answer the question. 他们没人能回答这个问题。 (2) Neither cake is delicious. 两块蛋糕都不好吃。 2. 部分否定 (1) Both of the brothers don’t like sports. 哥俩不都喜欢体育。 (2) Everybody didn’t believe what he said. 不是所有人都相信他的话。 (3) All that glitters is not gold. 闪光的未必都是金子。 二、例题讲解 1. My classmate is cleverer than I. 答案：谁去接电话？ 答案：我的同学比我聪明。 2. What time do you go swimming every day? 答案：你每天何时去游泳？ 3. Would you mind closing the window for me? 答案：你介意帮我关一下窗户吗？ 4. Could you tell me where the post office is? 答案：请问邮局在哪里？ 5. Who’s going to answer the telephone? 6. We must take some measures to control the pollution. 答案：我们必须采取措施来控制污染。 7. He was very happy to hear from his old friend. 答案：他很高兴收到他的老朋友的信。 8. She likes to help any one who is in difficulty. 答案：她乐意帮助任何一个有困难的人。 9. The school management must be improved. 答案：必须改进学校管理。 10. Please give this book to whoever comes first. 答案：请把这本书给最先来的人。 11. Fred was such a hardworking stude