我的某化纤厂降压变电所电气设计.doc

某化纤厂降压变电所电气设计 摘要 电能是工业生产的主要能源和动力，做好工厂供电设计对于发展工业生产、实现工业现代化，具有十分重要的意义。工厂供电系统首先要能满足工厂生产和生活用电的需要，其次要确保安全，供电可靠，技术先进和经济合理，并做好节能。本设计根据某化纤厂所能取得的供电电源和该厂用电负荷的实际情况，并适当考虑生产的发展，按工厂供电的基本要求，对各车间进行负荷计算和无功补偿；确定出了各变电所的位置及各变电所变压器台数、数量和型式；计算了短路电流；选择了各线路导线截面和变电所高低压设备；配置了继电保护装置、防雷和接地装置；绘出设计图样，完成了化纤厂的供配电系统设计。 关键词：计算负荷，无功补偿，变压器，短路电流 The electric design of step-down substation in the chemical fiber factory ABSTRACT Electric energy is the main energy and power for the production of industry. A good power supply design scheme is very important for enlarging the production of industry and realizing industry modernization. The power supply system of factory should meet the needs of the production and living firstly, and then ensure the safety of person and equipment, the reliability of power supply, the advancement of technology, the reasonableness of economy, and at the same time economize on energy. Based on the electrical source which is achieved by the chemical fiber factory and loads in the factory, considered the development of the production, design is put up according for the basic demands of the power supply. The loads and reactive power compensation are all calculated. The location of the substation and the number, the capacity and the type of the transformer are confirmed, the short-circuit current is calculated, the section-area of the transformer are confirmed, low-voltage and high-voltage electrical equipment are chosen. Relaying protection equipment, lighting protection and earth-termination systems are confirmed. Design drawing papers are finished. The power supply system’s design for chemical fiber factory is accomplished. KEY WORDS: calculated load, reactive power compensation, transformer, shortcircuit current 目录 1绪论 总所周知，电能是现代工业生产的主要能源和动力。电能既易于由其它形式的能量转换而来，也易于转换为其它形式的能量以供应用。电能的输送和分配既简单经济，又便于控制、调节和测量，有利于实现生产过程自动化，而且现代社会的信息技术和其它高新技术无一不是建立在电能应用的基础之上的。因此电能的现代工业生产及整个国民经济生活中应用极为广泛。 在工厂里，电能虽然是工业生产的主要能源和动力，但是它在产品成本中所占的比重一般很小。例如在机械工业中，电费开支仅占成本的5%左右。从投资额来