清代前期上海的航业船商-吴文化网站.PDFVIP

(南京大学 历史系, 江苏 南京 210093) : 清代前期上海作为南北洋航运中心,既是南北商品流通格局 化下的产物, 也是清廷商品流通政策 化 下的产物,海运业在上海的早期兴起过程中具有无可替代的作用上海的兴起并迅速崛起, 是建立在全国各地地域 商帮的大规模商品流通基础之上的上海的海运业者, 来自江苏浙江山东福建等地, 其中势力最大者, 是上海及其 邻近沿海地区崇明南通三地之人,单 个大船商, 通常拥有数十号船只上海海运业内部,船商与船户耆舵水手等航 运业人员,船商与客商与豆业字号,与豆行饼行油行保载行等形成错综复杂的关系在上海,船商不仅在航业中 居于中心地位,而且发挥出领袖百业的作用 : 清代; 上海;船商 : K249 :A : 1005- 605X (2011) 02- 0042- 12 The maritim em erchants of Shanghai shipping b siness d ring the early Q ing period FAN Jin- min (Department ofH istory, Nanjing niversity, N anjing 210093, China) Abstract: During the early Q ing period, Shanghai. s position as the center ofmaritmi e transportation bewt een the North and South China Seaswas both the result of the changed structure of commodity circulation between the north and the south as well as that of the new economic policies of the Q ing government. Themaritmi e transportation played an irreplaceable role in the early developmentofShangha.i The burgeoning and pick development of Shanghaiwas based on the large scale commodity circulations propelled by regionalmerchant groups from allover China. Themaritmi emerchants ofShanghai camemainly from Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shandong and Fujian provinces, while the most powerful ones were from Shanghai and the nearby Chong- m ing andNantong areas. Bigmaritmi emerchant commonly owned tens of ships. W ithin the shipping business, complicated re- lationships existed not only between themaritmi e merchants and the boatnik, shipmasters, and other crews, but also between the maritmi emerchants and guestmerchants, the soybean agents, the oilcake agents, the oil agents, and the shipping agents. In Shanghai, maritmi emerchants occupied the centralplacewithin the shipping business, and they also played the leading role for the other tr