annual plant reviews volume 43 (biology of plant metabolomics) metabolite analysis and metabolomics in the study of biotrophic interactions between plants and microbes文档.pdfVIP

Annual Plant Reviews (2011) 43, 25–59 doi: 10.1002/9781444339956.ch2 Chapter 2 METABOLITE ANALYSIS AND METABOLOMICS IN THE STUDY OF BIOTROPHIC INTERACTIONS BETWEEN PLANTS AND MICROBES 1 2 John Draper , Susanne Rasmussen and Hassan Zubair1 1Institute of Biological Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, SY23 3DA, UK 2AgResearch, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand Abstract: Biotrophic plant–microbe interactions depend on the establishment of a nutritional interface allowing nutrient trafficking between plants and micro- bial symbionts and pathogens. A global re-programming of host and microbial metabolism is at the core of these interactions, and we summarise in this chapter studies on metabolome and, to add interpretational power, transcriptome changes associated with the establishment and maintenance of a range of plant–microbe associations. Pathogenic fungi of crops cause severe economic losses, and fac- tors resulting in improved crop resistance against infection and disease spread are therefore the subject of extensive research projects. We focus in this chapter on three fungal examples, namely Magnaporthe grisea (rice blast), Blumeria graminis (powdery mildew) and Ustilago maydis (corn smut), and discuss how metabolomics technologies critically improve our understanding of resistant and susceptible in- teractions. Like pathogens, mutualistic symbionts are heterotrophic organisms and depend on nutrients from their hosts, but unlike pathogens these microbial sym- bionts rarely cause disease symptoms or host death. In contrast, they can improve plant fitness by providing valuable nutrients or protective metabolites to their Annual Plant Reviews Volume 43, Biology of Plant Metabolomics, First Edition. Edited by Robert Hall. C 2