高2014级英语非谓语专题九大考点复习.docVIP

合江中学高2014级高考英语语法专题 非 谓 语 动 词 合江中学 英语教研组 赵春建 要点精析： 非谓语动词有四种，不定式，现在分词，过去分词，动名词） ① 不定式：具有名词形容词和副词的特征，在句中可作主语，宾语，表语，定语，状语和补语等成分。 ② 现在分词和过去分词：都具有形容词和副词的特征，在句中可作定语，表语，状语和补语等成分。 ③ 动名词：具有名词的特征，在句中可作主语，宾语，表语和定语等成分。 考点一：动名词和不定式作主语和宾语的区别： 动名词和不定式都可以作主语和宾语，但动名词多表示抽象的，习惯性的动作，而不定式多表示具体的，将来的或一次性的动作。 1. 作主语的区别： Learning texts by heart is helpful to languages studies. To learn the texts by heart is not easy. Teaching English is my job, but my main task is to help you with your English. Note: 有时不定式和动名词的使用式特殊句型的需要。 It is necessary (possible, hard important ….) for sb to do sth It is kind (polite, cruel, foolish, stupid, careless…) of sb to do sth There is no use / good / point (in) doing sth 没有用处/好处 It is no / not any use (good ) one’s doing sth 没有用处/好处/意义 It is necessary for us to help each other. It is cruel of you to treat him like that. = You’re cruel to treat him like that. It is no good your saying that to her. 2. 要求只能用不定式作宾语的动词有：ask, demand (要求), plan, intend, mean (计划), manage, do / try one’s best, make an attempt, (努力), learn (学习), wish, hope, desire, expect, long（渴望）, want, would like, should like, would prefer (希望，愿意)，agree, promise (同意), decide, determine, choose, make a decision, make up one’s mind (决定), offer (主动提出), apply(申请), help (帮助), fail (不能、没有), prepare (准备), pretend (假装), refuse (拒绝), happen (碰巧), afford (负担得起)等。 巧计顺口溜： 要求你计划努力学习，希望你同意这个决定， 可以主动提出申请帮组，不能准备假装、拒绝或碰运气，这可负担不起。 He failed to get the job with the company. He pretended to be busy working when the boss went in. We all expect to go to college in Beijing. 3. 要求只能用动名词作宾语的动词及动词短语有： admit， acknowledge，advise，appreciate，avoid， delay， deny，dislike，consider, enjoy， excuse，escape，fancy， finish，complete, forbid, forgive， face， endure， involve，imagine, give up， imagine， mention， mind， miss， pardon，practise， require， risk， resist， suggest， recall，think of， give up， aim at， put off， insist on， persist in， be good at， do well in， can‘t help， keep on， leave off， feel lik