冷屋顶技术.ppt

The number of traverses of a single-axle load before a 1.3-cm rut is created is much larger when the pavement temperature is lowered from 50°C to 40°C (measured 5 cm below the surface). This suggests that failure due to rutting can be delayed if the pavement is kept cooler by a reflective coating. (Data from Dr. John Harvey, Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Berkeley) This shows the average reflection and absorption of the Earth in the left oval and the lower frequency infrared emission and GHG trapping of radiation in the right oval. The Earth reflects 30% of incoming radiation (i.e. it has an albedo = 0.3). Its surface absorbs 45% of incoming sunlight on average and eventually reemits it in the far infrared part of the spectrum. Such radiation is partially trapped by greenhouse gases. From Local Cooling to Global Cooling: Cool Roofs and Cool Pavements 从地方冷却到全球冷却：冷屋顶和冷铺路面 Art Rosenfeld California Energy Commissioner 美国加州能源专员 Tel: 916-654-4930 Email: ARosenfe@Energy.State.CA.US *For more detailed information, please contact Hashem Akbari: *如欲获得更多详细信息，请联系Hashem Akbari: Tel: 510-486-4287 E_mail: H_Akbari@LBL.gov http://HeatIsland.LBL.gov * Temperature Trends in Downtown Los Angeles 洛杉矶市中心的气候变化曲线 每年高温 年 * 每年高温 * White is ‘cool’ in Bermuda在百慕大：白色是很“酷”的 * and in Santorini, Greece在希腊的圣托里尼岛也是这样 * Cool Roof Technologies冷屋顶技术 flat, white 平顶，白色 pitched, white 低坡屋顶，白色 pitched, cool colored 低坡屋顶，降温 多彩 Old 老一代技术 New 新一代技术 * Cool Roof Programs around the World世界范围内的冷屋顶项目 U.S. 美国 Europe 欧洲 Asia 亚洲 Middle East 中东 China 中国 India (Hyderabad demos; see graph at right) 印度 （在海德拉巴市示范，见右图） 东部（度/天） 西部（度/天） 西部建筑和东部建筑的每天空调用电量 前 后 * Cool Colors Reflect Invisible Near-Infrared Sunlight冷色可以反射看不见的近红外日光 标准化的太阳能强度 波长（纳米） 紫外线 可见光 近红外光 太阳能分布 5%来自紫外线 43%来自可见光 52%来自近红外光 * Cool and Standard BrownMetal Roofing Panels对比：两块金属屋顶面板冷色的棕色和标准的棕色 Solar reflectance ~ 0.2 higher 太阳辐射反射率 ～0.2 以上 Afternoon surface temperatu