麻省理工大学 超高速光学系统 课程课件chapter2.pdfVIP

Chapter 2 Maxwell-Bloch Equations 2.1 Maxwell’s Equations Maxwell’s equations are given by ∂D ∇×H = j + , (2.1a) ∂t ∂B ∇×E = − , (2.1b) ∂t ∇· D = ρ, (2.1c) ∇· B = 0. (2.1d) The material equations accompanying Maxwell’s equations are: D = 0 E+ P, (2.2a) B = µ0 H+ M. (2.2b) Here, E and H are the electric and magnetic field, D the dielectric flux, B the magnetic flux, j the current density of free carriers, ρ is the free charge density, P is the polarization, and M the magnetization. By taking the curl ³ ´ ³ ´ of Eq. (2.1b) and considering ∇× ∇×E = ∇ ∇E −∆E, we obtain ∂ à ∂E ∂P! ∂ ³ ´ ∆E−µ0 j + 0 + = ∇×M+∇ ∇· E (2.3) ∂t ∂t ∂t ∂t 21 22 CHAPTER 2. MAXWELL-BLOCH EQUATIONS and hence µ 1 ∂2 ¶ Ã∂j ∂2 ! ∂ ³ ´ ∆− 2 2 E= µ0