天津商学院2009年研究生入学考试试题——语言学及翻译.docVIP

专 业：外国语言学及应用语言学 课程名称：语言学及翻译（807） 共5页 第1页 说明：答案标明题号写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上的无效。 Linguistics (100 marks) I. Studying linguistics, we have come across a lot of technical terms, some of which are listed below. Please write out the most acceptable definitions for each of them. (10 %) a) language; b) diachronic study; c)assimilation; d)morpheme e)minimal pairs f) surface structure; g)implicature h)linguistic determinism; i)reference j) denotation Studying linguistics we have been acquainted with many linguists, some of whom are listed below. Write out a phrase that may best represent their contributions to linguistics. （10%） a) Noam Chomsky b) M. A. K. Halliday c) L. Bloomfield d) Ferdinand de Saussure e) H. P. Grice f) J. Firth g) William Labov h) D. Sperber D. Wilson i) John Austin j) Dell Hymes III. Linguistics as a specified discipline has its own technical ways of operation. Try to fill the blanks to demonstrate your technical sense of linguistics. (15%) Please give the corresponding sound segments according to the descriptions: voiceless bilabial stop: a)________ alveolar nasal: b)_________ 专 业：外国语言学及应用语言学 课程名称：语言学及翻译（807） 共5页 第2页 lateral: c)__________ In speak, /p/ is articulated as [ph]; in play, /p/ is articulated as [pl]. [ph] and [pl] are therefore d)____________ of e)_________ because they are not distinctive in f)______________. There are 4 maxims in Cooperative Principle, they are g)__________, quality, h)_________, and i)__________. Please read the dialogue below: A: Let’s get the kids something to eat. B: Ok, but I veto I-C-E-C-R-E-A-M. In this dialogue, maxim of j)___________ is flouted. From the perspective of lexical sense relation, police and criminal are in the relation of k)___________; car and rear-view mirror are in the relation of l)_________________. The design features of language are arbitrariness, m)___________, displacement, and n)__________. In morphology, ad is short for advertiseme