Proteomic Analysis for Biomarkers in Early Detection of Cancer在癌症的早期检测的生物标志物的蛋白质组学分析.pptVIP

Proteomic Analysis for Biomarkers in Early Detection of Cancer Sherry Funston Emily Faerber Brandon Lesniak Protein Biomarkers Proteins used as an indicator of a specific state (such as a disease) Changes in protein expression or state can be “biomarkers” for risk or progression of a disease Why use plasma? Easily obtained Widely used clinically Contains many proteins (a good representation of the body’s proteome) Plasma has already been used in the diagnosis of many other diseases Plasma vs Serum Plasma: Add anti-coagulant (EDTA) Centrifuge Remove plasma, leave cells behind Serum: Allow blood to clot Remove supernatant = serum Variable results Biomarkers potentially useful in cancer diagnosis Why use proteomic analysis? Proteomics The “protein complement of a given genome” (Dr. Marc Wilkins) Basically, all proteins that are being expressed by a cell, tissue, or genome Proteomic analysis reveals which proteins are being expressed with accuracy, speed, and resolution Has the potential to diagnose diseases, disease states, and effect of treatment of those diseases Approaches to Biomarker Discovery Target Specific Antibodies Requires previous knowledge of proteins Low-throughput Global/Nondirected Profiling of unidentified proteins Generate profiles of identified proteins High-throughput MALDI-TOF-MS/MS SELDI-TOF-MS Sample depletion/enrichment Sample depletion/enrichment Sample depletion/enrichment Sample fractionation/separation Research Research has focused on ovarian, prostate, and breast cancer SELDI-TOF-MS has identified biomarker profiles with 100% sensitivity and 95% specificity Studies have successfully: Identified patients with tumors Identified type of tumor Distinguished between benign and malignant Identified possible treatments Distinguished response/no response to treatment Problems to Overcome Finding biomarkers that are: Tumor specific Tissue specific Sample complexity Correlation to population in vivo vs. in vitro behavior Clinical Applicat