MPEG-2 Transport streamsMPEG-2传输流.pptVIP

MPEG-2 Transport streams tMyn Digital Broadcasting tMyn, Mikkeli University of Applied Sciences MPEG-2 Transport streams The MPEG-2 Systems Standard specifies two methods for multiplexing the audio, video and other data into a format suitable for transmission and storage, namely the program stream and the transport stream. The Program Stream is designed for applications where errors are unlikely. It contains audio, video and data bitstreams (also called elementary bitstreams) all merged into a single bitstream. The program stream, as well as each of the elementary bitstreams, may be a fixed or variable bit rate. DVDs use program streams, carrying the DVD-specific data in private data streams interleaved with the various video and audio streams. The Transport Stream, using fixed-size packets of 188 bytes, is designed for applications where data loss is likely. Also containing audio, video and data bitstreams all merged into a single bitstream, multiple programs can be carried. The DVB and ATSC digital television standards use transport streams. Both the Transport Stream and Program Stream are based on a common packet structure, facilitating common decoder implementations and conversions. Both streams are designed to support a large number of known and anticipated applications, while retaining flexibility. The MPEG-2 system layer includes a mechanism for combining MPEG encoded video and audio with associated data signals into transport streams. It can also allow the combination of any number of different programs in to a single MPEG-2 transport stream. A very important part of the system layer is the clock reference information, which is used to enable the recovery of individual video and audio clocks. With MPEG-2 encoding there can be variable delays experienced for video and audio signals due to variable length coding. The system layer includes decoding time stamps (DTS) and presentation time stamps (PTS) which help to ensure the delay is consistent, and that t