Conservation Assessment Practices in Nepal在尼泊尔养护评价的实践.pptVIP

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Conservation Assessment Practices in Nepal在尼泊尔养护评价的实践.ppt

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Conservation Assessment Practices in Nepal在尼泊尔养护评价的实践.ppt

Biodiversity Resources, Extinction of Species and Conservation Assessment Krishna Shrestha Central Department of Botany Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur kksht@.np Origin of Life The Earth and Solar system was formed about 4.6 billion years ago Bacteria-like living organisms originated 3.5 billion years ago Primitive plants (jelly-fish and corals) and primitive plants (algae): about 700 million yrs ago The vascular land plants: about 430 m yrs ago Flowering plants arose in the early Cretaceous period of Mesozoic era, 120-136 m yrs ago, had become dominant in the world, about 80-90 million years ago. Human being (Homo sapiens) appeared only 2.5 m yrs ago Herbaceous plants (monocots) formed just 2 m yrs before. Biological Diversity Biodiversity is the variety of life on Earth, formed due to billions of years of evolution, shaped by natural processes. Diversity of life forms found on the earth, including millions of different kinds of plants, animals and microorganisms, the genes they contain and the intricate ecosystem they form. Species Diversity About 13 million species of living organisms exist in the earth (estimates range from 3-100 million). So far, 1.75 million species have been identified and described. Animals: 13,20,000 species (Of the estimated 30 million species, only 1.3 million are known) Microorganisms: 8,000 species. Plants: 325,000 species (flowering plants 250,000 species) IUCN and Red Data Books The World Conservation Union (IUCN), formerly known as The International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, played an important role in focussing World’s concern in the loss or extinction of species during the last two decades. IUCN’s Red Data Book (Anonymous 1966) is a pathfinder and since then several countries published their Red Data Books (Takhtajan 1975, Perring Farewell 1977, BSI 1990?) Extinction of Species A species once lost can not be recreated and this results in the loss of millions of years of evolution. About 65 mill