Applications Of The Definite Integral - Qatar University定积分的应用-卡塔尔大学.pptVIP

Applications Of The Definite Integral Applications of the Definite Integral In calculus, the integral of a function is an extension of the concept of a sum. The process of finding integrals is called integration. The process is usually used to find a measure of totality such as area, volume, mass, displacement, etc. The integral would be written . The∫ sign represents integration, a and b are the endpoints of the interval, f(x) is the function we are integrating known as the integrand, and dx is a notation for the variable of integration. Integrals discussed in this project are termed definite integrals. We use definite integrals basically, Results: ??????????????? Given: ? evaluate, Solution: Area under a Curve To find the area under a curve. This expression gives us a definite value (a number) at the end of the calculation.  When the curve is above the ‘x’ axis, the area is the same as the definite integral : But when the graph line is below the ‘x’ axis, the definite integral is negative. The area is then given by: Example 1: let f (x)=2-x .Find the area bounded by the curve of f , the x-axis and the lines x=a and x=b for each of the following cases: a=-2 b=2 a=2 b=3 a=-2 b=3 The graph: Is a straight line y=2-x: F (x) is positive on the interval [-2, 2) F (x) is negative on the interval (2, 3] Case 1: The area A1 between f, the x-axis and the lines x=-2 and x=2 is: f(x)0; x [-2,2) f(x)0; x (2, 3] Case3: The area a between f, the X-axis and the lines X=-2 and X=3 is : Area Bounded by 2 Curves Say you have 2 curves y = f(x) and y = g(x) Area under f(x) = ?????????????????????????????? Area under g(x) = ?????????????????????????????? Superimposing the two graphs, Area bounded by f(x) and g(x) Example (2) Let f (x) =X, g (X) = Find the area between f and g from X=a to X=b Following cases a=-1 b=0 a=0 b=1 a=-1 b=1 g (X)f (X) on (-1,0) and hence on