Learning Complex Concepts - California State University, Fullerton学习复杂的概念-加利福尼亚州立大学，富勒顿.pptVIP

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2018-04-13 发布于江西
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Learning Complex Concepts - California State University, Fullerton学习复杂的概念-加利福尼亚州立大学，富勒顿.ppt

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Learning Complex Concepts - California State University, Fullerton学习复杂的概念-加利福尼亚州立大学，富勒顿.ppt

Learning Complex Concepts II Learning Complex Concepts II Learning Complex Concepts II Learning Complex Concepts II Learning Complex Concepts II Learning Complex Concepts II Learning Complex Concepts II Learning Complex Concepts II Learning Complex Concepts II Learning Complex Concepts II Learning Complex Concepts II Learning Complex Concepts II Learning Complex Concepts II Learning Complex Concepts II Learning Complex Concepts II Learning Complex Concepts II Learning Complex Concepts II Learning Complex Concepts II Learning Complex Concepts II Learning Complex Concepts II Learning Complex Concepts II * Attributes The following notation system is used to represent the structure of concepts. Notation Rules These are represented by the letters: A, B. A dash, -, means “not”. A raised dot, ?, means “and”; it’s used in “conjunction” rules. The letter, v, means “or”; it’s used in “disjunction” rules. Concept definitions from Neisser Weene (1962). Affirmation: A Level 1 Concepts Attribute A must be present. Example: Vertebrate animal—must have a backbone. Negation: -A Attribute A must be absent. Example: Invertebrate animal—must not have a backbone. Conjunction: (A ? B) Level 2 Concepts Both Attribute A and Attribute B must be present. Example: a food that causes an allergic rash. This could be a food (stimulus) that contains both cheese (A) and tomatoes (B), such as pizza. Disjunctive Absence: (–A v –B) Either Attribute A or Attribute B, or both, must be absent. This is the opposite or “complement” of conjunction. Example: a non-allergenic food. It lacks cheese, or tomatoes, or both, such as a cheeseburger or a salad with tomatoes. + = X Disjunction: (A v B) Level 2 Concepts Either A or B, or both, must be present. Example: an allergenic food that involves the same attributes as before—cheese (A) and tomatoes (B)—but either one alone can cause a rash, as well as both ingredients combined. So with this rule you would have to avoid che