Standardized Tests II Score Interpretation标准化测试II分数的解释.pptVIP

Standardized Tests II:Score Interpretation The information contained in this presentation is from Assessment Strategies for Monitoring Student Learning by James S. Cangelosi. Interpreting Scores Raw Scores The sum of the points from the individual items composing the test. Derived Scores A score that is the result of an arithmetic computation involving a raw score and other data (e.g. test norms) Interpreting Scores z-score T-score Percentiles NCE Scaled Scores Grade Equivalent Score Stanines Interpreting Scores z-score Interpreting Scores z-score Advantages: Places the score in terms of the number of standard deviations above or below the mean. Drawbacks: The lay-person generally does not understand them, and tends to be nervous/confused by the negative numbers, decimal points, and scores near zero Z-score example Jim took two PRAXIS exams with the following results: ElEd general knowldege: 167 Secondary Math: 155 On which exam did Jim have the better performance? Ave/SD: 163/20, 143/16 Interpreting Scores T-score Advantages: Eliminates problems of z-scores (i.e. negative numbers, zeros, and decimal points) Drawbacks: Does not provide enough information to compare relative achievement. Interpreting Scores T-score Interpreting Scores Percentiles Advantages: Allows one to see exactly where they scored in comparison to the norm group Drawbacks: Unequal spacing of percentiles often leads people to improperly use arithmetic computations to compare scores over time. Interpreting Scores Percentiles Interpreting Scores Normal Curve Equivalent Advantages: Allows one to compare scores over time to assess gains in knowledge/achievement (it basically converts percentiles to an equal spacing scale). Drawbacks: Using these scores can be very misleading as both the score and the norm group change with time. Interpreting Scores Normal Curve Equivalent Interpreting Scores Scaled Scores Advantages: They are the only type of derived scores that can “leg