EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT MODEL FOR THE CELL MEMBRANE对细胞膜的等效电路模型.pptVIP

EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT MODEL FOR THE CELL MEMBRANE Reported by: Valerie Chico ECE 5 Nerve Membrane The nerve membrane is a lipid bilayer that is pierced by a variety of different types of ion channels Types of Ion Channels Passive (always open) Active (gates that can be opened). Note : Each ion channel is also characterized by its selectivity. Three types of Passive Electrical Characteristics Electromotive Force Resistive Capacitive Remember: Active Na-K pump maintains Vm across the cell membrane Electromotive Force Properties The three major ions Kt, Nat, and Cl are differentially distributed across the cell membrane at rest and across the membrane through passive ion channels. Resistive Properties It resists the movement of electrical charge through the channel. This is mainly due to collisions with the channel wall where energy is given up as heat. The term conductance, G, measured in Siemens (S), which is the ease with which the ions move through the membrane, is typically used to represent resistance. Since the conductances (channels) are in parallel, the total conductance is the total number of channels, N, times the conductance for each channel, G’ G = N x G ’ 1 Capacitive Property Na – K Pump * * This separation of charge exists across the membrane and results in a voltage potential Vm as described by the Goldman Equation Across each ion-specific channel, a concentration gradient exists for each ion that creates an electromotive force, a force that drives that ion through the channel at a constant rate. The Nernst potential for that ion is the electrical potential difference across the channel and is easily modeled as a battery, as is illustrated in Figure 11.11 for Kt. The same model is applied for Nat and Cl with values equal to the Nernst potentials for each. Conductance is related to membrane permeability, but they are not interchangeable in a physiological sense. Conductance depends on the state of membrane, varies with ion con