专题10 从句（讲）-备战2018年中考英语二轮复习讲练测（原卷版）.doc

备战2018年中考二轮讲练测 专题 10: 从句从句是相对于主句而言的，即它是从属于某一个主句，而不能单独作一个句子。在英语中，主要有三大从句，即名词性从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）、形容词性从句（即定语从句）、副词性从句（即状语从句，包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）。： ①He is more outgoing than I(am) . ②He ran as fast as Mike did .他和迈克跑得一样快。 ③It isn’t so / as easy as you thought .这不像你想的那么容易。 ◆五． 指在主从复合句中充当定语的句子，，which, that, who(m), whose及关系副词when, where, why等引导。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句放先行词后做后置定语 当先行词表示人时，定语从句用关系代词that, who, whom引导。当先行词表物时，定语从句用关系词that或which。当关系代词在从句中作宾语时可省略。 ⑴ that可指人，也可指物，在从句中可作主语，宾语。作宾语可省 ⑵ which指物，在从句中作主语，宾语，作宾语时可省，可以引导非限制性定语从句，有时可与that互换。 ⑶ who, whom, whose指人，who在从句中做主语，whom在从句中作宾语，whose在从句中作定语 He is the man whom/that I saw yesterday. The package which/that you are carrying is too heavy. Please pass me the book whose/of which cover is green. 2. 当引导词在句中作状语时不可用that, which, who(m)等关系代词， Beijing is the place where/in which I was born. 3. 其他注意事项 ⑴ 表示物时只能用that引导定语从句的情况 ① 当先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much none, the one等不定代词时 ② 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时 ③ 先行词被the only, the very, the last, the same等词修饰时（当先行词是人时，也可用关系代词who或whom） ④ 当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时 ⑤ 当先行词同时含有物和人时 ⑥ 主句中已有疑问词who或which时 Which is the bike that you lost? Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting? ⑵ 表示物时只用which不用that的情况 ① 当关系代词前使用介词时 ② 在非限制性定语从句（即通常用逗号与主语隔开，若去掉整个句子仍能表达完整意义的定语从句）中 ⑶ 指人时，当先行词为everybody, anybody, everyone, anyone等时要用who,不用that ⑷ 一个句子中带有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词是that，另一个用who The boy that you met last night is the group leader who studies very hard. 其中一个关系代词已用which，另一个用that Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before 注意：⑴关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数要和先行词一致 ⑵one of+复数名词+关系代词+复数谓语动词 the (only) one of+复数名词+关系代词+单数谓语动词 Titanic is one of the best movies that have been produced in Hollywood. Titanic is the (only) one of the best movies that has been produced in Hollywood 二讲题型——题型解析 【例题一】– Can you tell me ? - He lives in Shanghai. A. where Mark lives B. where does