初中英语语法——代词课件(26张).pptxVIP

代 词;一、代词的定义 代词是代替名词及起名词作用的短语或句子的词。 二、代词的分类及用法 ①人称代词 （主格、宾格） ②物主代词 （形容词性、名词性） ③反身代词 ④指示代词 ⑤疑问代词 ⑥关系代词 ⑦不定代词 ⑧相互代词 ; ;◆ 人称代词作表语或者放在比较状语从句连词than或as之后时,可以用主格形式,也可以用宾格形式,口语中大多用宾格。 Tom is taller than I(me). She is as tall as I(me). Who is it?–It’s I/me. ◆ 人称代词it除了可以指人指物之外,还可以表示“时间、天气、温度、距离、情况”等含义,此外还可以作“非人称代词”使用。 It’s a long way to go. It took him three days to clean his house. It is very clear that the public want to know when these men can go into space. We found it very difficult to learn a foreign language well. ; ②物主代词：说明事物所属关系的代词,分为形容词性和名词性两种。 ◆形容词性物主代词只能作句子中名词的修饰语,后面要跟名词。 Is that your umbrella? I often go to see my aunt on Sundays. They are their books. ;◆名词性物主代词相当于名词,既代替事物又表明所属关系,在句子中往往独立地作主语、宾语或者表语,后面千万不可以跟名词。 This is your cup,but where is mine? Your classroom is very big, but ours is rather small. our English teacher ours English teacher ◆“of + 名词性物主代词”称为双重所有格,作定语时放在名词的后面。 A friend of mine came to see me yesterday. My friend came to see me yesterday. 总结：名词性物主代词与形容词物主代词互换使用 This book is mine.= This is my book.; ③反身代词：表示谓语的动作与主语有关或者宾语补足语的动作与宾语有关。 ◆反身代词在句子中作宾语表示反射(指一个动作回到该动作执行者本身)。 Don’t play with the knife, you might hurt yourself. ◆在句子中作同位语表示强调(即用来强调名词或代词的语气)。 The story itself is good. Only he didn’t tell it well. ;④指示代词：指示说明近处或者远处、上文或者下文、以前或者现在的人或事物。 ◆指示代词既可以单独使??做句子的主语、宾语或表语,也可以作定语修饰名词。 What’s this? That model plane is made of plastic. Remember never to do such things. Do the same as the teacher tells you. ---Who is it? ---It’s me! ;⑤疑问代词：用来提出问题的代词称为疑问代词。 ◆ who、whom、whose、what、which、whoever、whatever、whichever主要用于特殊疑问句中,一般放在句首。口语中也常用who代替whom作宾语,但在介词后则只能用whom。 Who(m) did you invite to your birthday party? What does she want to be when she grows up? ◆ who 和whom只能独立使用,其中who可以作句子的主语、表语或动词的宾语,whom只能作谓语动词的宾语；而what、which、whose等既可以独立使用作主语、表语和宾语,也可以与名词构成疑问短语。 Who is that man? What colour are their hats? Which car was made in Germany?;