故宫_英文版教学教材.ppt

The Forbidden City The Forbidden City was the Chinese imperial palace from the Ming Dynasty to the end of the Qing Dynasty. It is located in the middle of Beijing, China. For almost 500 years, it served as the home of emperors and their households, as well as the ceremonial and political center of Chinese government. The Introduction of Forbidden City Built in 1406 to 1420, the complex consists of 9999 buildings and covers 720,000 ㎡. The palace buildings exemplify traditional Chinese palatial architecture and have influenced cultural and architectural developments in East Asia and elsewhere. Since 1925, the Forbidden City has been under the charge of the Palace Museum The Forbidden City was declared a World Heritage Site in 1987, and is listed by UNESCO as the largest collection of preserved ancient wooden structures in the world. The origin of name The common English name, the Forbidden City, is a translation of the Chinese name Zijin Cheng (Chinese: 紫禁城;literally Purple Forbidden City). Another English name of similar origin is Forbidden Palace. The name Zijin Cheng is a name with significance on many levels. Zi, or Purple, refers to the North Star, which in ancient China was called the Ziwei Star, and in traditional Chinese astrology was the abode of the Celestial Emperor. The surrounding celestial region, the Ziwei Enclosure (Chinese: 紫微垣) was the realm of the Celestial Emperor and his family. The Forbidden City, as the residence of the terrestrial emperor, was its earthly counterpart. Jin, or Forbidden, referred to the fact that no-one could enter or leave the palace without the emperors permission. Cheng means a walled city. Today, the site is most commonly known in Chinese as Gùgōng (故宫), which means the Former Palace. The museum which is based in these buildings is known as the Palace Museum (Chinese: 故宫博物院 ) “紫禁城”这个名字和中国古代哲学和天文学有关。中国人认为“天人感应”和“天人合一”。因此故宫的结构是模 仿传说中的“天宫”构造的。古代天文学把恒星分为三垣，周围环绕着28宿，其中紫微垣（北极星）正处中天，是所有星宿的中心。紫禁城之紫，就是“紫微正中”之紫，意为皇宫也是 人间的 “正中”。