品质管理精华理论supplier_summit_07_05_04_精品.ppt

品质管理精华理论supplier_summit_07_05_04_精品.ppt

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品质管理精华理论supplier_summit_07_05_04_精品

* * * * * * * * * * * Process Materials People Methods Machine Measurement Environment Product Specification / Tolerance Evaluation / Measurement Sampling Plan Control Method Process Capability Reaction Plan Work Instruction Document Work Instruction Owner Job Aides Measurement Systems Analysis Attribute MSA Counts of good / bad Dispositions of pass / fail No specification (requires a true-value) Situational interpretation Provide minimal information for control Examples of gages Go / no-go decision Assembly gages Bezel gap gages Templates for dings, dents, and scratches Pixel size templates Variable MSA Physical measurement Instrument Measure of the extent of goodness or badness relative to specifications Standardized interpretation Useful for process capability studies and control Examples of gages Calipers Electrical meter Stopwatches Variables MSA Spreadsheet (Gage RR) Average and Range Control Chart Average and Range Control Chart Developed from data reported in small subgroups of constant size Subgroups are usually taken at regularly scheduled intervals The range is quite satisfactory for sample sizes up to 10 Usually 3-5 samples per subgroup Grand Average Process average Average of averages Average Range Let R1, R2, ..., Rk, be the range of k samples. The average range is: n A2 D4 D3 2 1.88 3.27 0 3 1.02 2.57 0 4 0.73 2.28 0 5 0.58 2.11 0 Average 1 2 … 24 25 Range 1 2 … 24 25 0.3 0.2 0.1 3.2 3.1 3.0 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.6 (1-β) Probability of detecting a process shift is higher with larger n, i.e. Beta error (consumer’s risk) decreases as n increases. SPC Decision Tree Runs Rules 1 beyond upper or lower control limits 7 on one side of the average 7 increasing or decreasing 14 alternating or hugging the centerline n A2 E2 D4 D3 2 1.88 2.66 3.27 0 3 1.02 1.77 2.57 0 4 0.73 1.46 2.28 0 5 0.58 1.29 2.11 0 n B4 B3 A3 2 3.27 0 2.66 3 2.57 0 1.95 4 2.27 0 1.63 5 2.09 0 1.43 6 1.97 0.03 1.29 7 1.88 0.12 1.18 8 1.82 0.18 1.10 9 1.76 0.24 1.03 10 1.72 0.28 0.9

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