构词法在语法填空中的应用.pptVIP

英语构词法主要有三种方法。 派生（Derivation） 合成（Compound） 转换（Conversion） 三种构词法: 1.派生(Derivation): 2.合成(Compounding): 3.转化(Conversion) 派生法 派生法（也称词缀法），即由一个词根加上前缀或后缀，构成另一个单词的构词法，添加在词根前面的构成部分叫前缀，它一般不改变原词的词性，只改变其词义。添加在词根后面的构成部分叫后缀，它改变了原词的词性，有时可改变其词义。 形容词后缀: - al ; – an ; – ern; -ble ; –ish ; –ive; – y; -ful ; - less 表示具有…的性质, 或与…有关 e.g. practical , American, southern , possible, foolish, native, rainy, careless，careful 副词后缀: - ly 表示方式,程度 : freely ，happily -ward (s) 表示方向 : westwards Practice 1… Mr Chen has taught me English since Junior 1, and to show my (appreciate) I decided to get her a present. 　(广州一模) 2. … (fortunate), I then noticed that I had just10 minutes to complete the rest. 　(广州二模) 3. Some people were now waiting for her service and the waitress grew a bit_________ (patience). （深一模） 4. “Thirty-five cents,” she said (rude). （深一模） 5. I must know how to care for others and try not to (understand) them. (惠州一模) 6. …you have done well and made great achievement in the (entertain) field. (惠一模) 7. These people have made great __________ (contribute) to China with their work.（茂名二模） 8．The storm damaged several_________ (new) built buildings,…(梅州二模) 9．Numerous studies have shown that free play is very (benefit). It can help children become creative…(四校联考) 10…. they can see plays, films, operas, and shows of every kind, not to mention the latest _______ (excite) football match. （东莞一模） Sum up: 给出动词→排除掉填谓语动词及非谓语动词外，考虑其否定词（dis- /mis），名词（-ment/ ation /-er等表身份人物的后缀），形容词（-able /-ed /-ing ) 给出名词→形容词（ 常考ce?t，天气类常加-y，或者考-ful/-less等） 给出形容词→比较级，最高级，副词（修饰adj / verb / sentence），名词（情感类常加-ness） 两个en含有使动用法: en - （enrich) -en (widen) 注意，有时填名词时还得注意单复数，动词，名词，形容词时都有可能会考否定形式，一定要根据语境来判断