基导名词解释.doc

名词解释： 基本组织概论： Histology组织学： is a science which study the microstructure and the relationship between the structure and function of human being. Embryology胚胎学： is a kind of science which study the processes and the regulations of the development of human fetus. 3.Histochemistry & & Cytochemistry组织化学和细胞化学：to combine histological and cytological methods with chemical and biochemical methods and reveal the chemical composition of tissue and cell insitu. 4.Immnohistochemistry免疫组织化学:To use labelled antibodies as specific reagents for localising tissue and cell constituents (antigens) in situ Epithelial tissue上皮组织： Mesothelium间皮: the simple squamous epi. which line the inner surface of body cavities such as thoracic, pericardiac and abdominal cavities. Endothelium内皮:the simple squamous epi. which line the inner surface of cardiovascular and lymphatic system. goblet cell杯状细胞: scattered, secreting ，granules-mucinogen，granules-mucus 分散的，隐秘的，小颗粒黏蛋白原，胶 transitional epi移行上皮.:flexible-including the number of layers and shape of cells Microvilli微绒毛: delicate finger-liked projections of cell-membrane and cytoplasm protruding from the free surface cell coat糖衣: a thick layer of extracellular glycoprotein Cilia纤毛: elongated, mobile projections of cell membrane and cytoplasm protruding from free surface junctional complex连接复合体: four types of junctionalstructures(at least two types) get together. basement membrane基膜: a sheet of membrane-liked amorphous material interposed between epi.cells and underlying CT（connective tissue）. Consists of basal lamina and reticular lamina plasma membrane infolding质膜内褶： the infolding of cell-membrane with many mitochondria at the basal surface of epi.cell glandular epi.腺上皮: epi are specialized for secretion Gland腺: organs composed mainly of glandular epi. exocrine glandn外分泌腺: discharge the secretion through a duct system