2018年高考英语全国专用课件：完形填空-满分方略-第一步.pptx

专题三 完形填空 满分方略 第一步技法精准剖析2.解题四步骤1.解题三技巧解题三技巧技巧一　上览下索——细寻信息完形填空的设题特点就是在对上下文语境理解的基础上设题考查学生的语言运用能力，因此答案信息点有的在设空前，有的在设空后，有的在前文，有的在后文，甚至前后都出现，故需综合地上览下索来印证信息点；有时，甚至要根据上下文提供的信息，结合常识，进行适当的逻辑推理，才可以得出正确答案。总之，不管题目难易，都一定会在上下文中找到线索与答案。[典例1]上下文语境的信息寻找(2017·全国Ⅰ片段)The 46 began during my first week at college.I watched as the ASL Club 47 their translation of a song.Both the hand movements and the very 48.idea of communicating without speaking 49.attracted me.What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the 50.past.46.A.meeting B.tripC.story D.task46.A.meeting B.tripC.story D.task√解析　由空格后面的内容可知，作者开始讲事情的经过了，故选story(故事)。meeting会议；trip旅行；task任务。4647解析答案47.A.recorded B.performedC.recited D.discussed√解析　由空格前的watched(观看)和后面的the hand movements(手部的动作)以及what I saw(我所看见的)可知，作者是在观看美式手语俱乐部的成员表演(perform)他们对一首歌的诠释。record记录；recite背诵；discuss讨论。4647解析答案[典例2]上下文段落的语境理解(2017·天津片段)At my heaviest I weighed 370 pounds.I had a very poor relationship with food: I used it to 16.kill bad feelings，to make myself feel better，and to celebrate.Worried about my health，I tried many different kinds of 17.diets but nothing worked.I came to believe that I could do nothing about my 18 .When I was 50，my weight problem began to affect me 19.seriously.I didn’t want to live the rest of my life with this 20.extra weight any more.18.A.height B.abilityC.wisdom D.weight√解析　上文提到“我”尝试了很多不同的节食方法，下文接着提到weight problem，所以此处表示“我对自己的体重束手无策”。height身高；ability能力；wisdom智慧；weight体重。解析答案技巧二　左顾右盼——找寻搭配做题时，不能仅盯住空格，或空格所在的一个句子上，一定要左顾右盼，弄清前后的习惯搭配或句式结构。[典例1]词语的固定搭配(2017·全国Ⅲ片段)“More 51.interesting，there are hundreds of Canadians who are interested in 52.changing their name to Elizabeth Gallagher，” Axani said.“It was absolutely out of 53 ，thousands of e-mails，people around the world 54.sharing their stories of travel.”53.A.touch B.questionC.date D.control√解析　Axani只能提供一张免费机票，却收到了成千上万封电子邮件，这说明情况失去了控制(out of control)。out of touch失去联系；out of question毫无疑问；out of date过时。解析答案[典例2]词语的习惯搭配(2016·天津片段)Two years ago，while Cat