中国古典园林概述全面精炼英文英语.ppt

① “distant borrowing”(远借) e.g. mountains, forests, rivers, fields lakes ②“ adjacent borrowing” (邻借) e.g. neighboring trees ③ “upward borrowing”(仰借) e.g. clouds, moon stars ④ “downward borrowing”(俯借) e.g. The picturesque scene of the pagoda mirrored in water. ⑤“seasonal borrowing”(应时借) e.g. flowers, rain, snow, sunrise and sunset Thanks！ 谢谢！ * * No. Name Classical Chinese Gardens中国古典园林 Contents 1 the History of Classical Chinese Gardens 2 the Classification of Classical Chinese Gardens 3 Chinese Garden Design 1 the History of Classical Chinese Gardens Shang Zhou Qin Han Wei Jin Sui Tang Song Yuan Rising Period生成期 Transferring period转折期 Heyday Period 全盛期 Ming Qing Mature Period成熟期 Mature late Period成熟后期 Dynasties Stages of Development Shang and Zhou Dynasties. Name: You (囿) lit. hunting park” --the hunting ground for emperors and nobles without any artificial cultivation. --coarse, primitive, big and natural. Features: 纣为鹿台，七年而成，其大三里，高千尺临望云雨 —《新序·刺奢》 “王在灵囿，鹿鹿攸伏。鹿鹿濯濯，白鸟篙篙。 王在灵沼，於轫鱼跃。” —《诗经·大雅》 Qin and Han Dynasties a villa where the emperors can have a rest and deal with the affairs of the state. e.g. Shanglin Garden(上林苑) Weiyang Palace (未央宫) Changle Palace (长乐宫) Name: Yuan (苑) lit. imperial park” Feature: 姑苏台 蓬莱山 方丈山 瀛洲山 Layout of the Jianzhang Palace(建章宫） in Shanglin Garden the layout of “one pond and three mountains”(一池三山) From the period of the Wei and Jin to the period of Southern and Northern Dynasties Background: China experienced a period of continuous wars and conflicts. Many of the scholar-officials（士大夫）were bitterly disappointed and tried to evade the society by finding a spiritual sustenance in the natural world. Feature: the garden with natural mountains and rivers. 流觞曲水 Sui and Tang Dynasties The economy was flourishing and the civilization was prosperous. The architects always had the interest in the integrat